1. Ching-Tsai Pan, Jenn-Jong Shieh, "A family of closed-form duty cycle control laws for three-phase boost AC/DC converter," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 530-543, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, a basic closed-form duty cycle control law is first derived for the proposed AC/DC converter to achieve clean sinusoidal input current, adjustable DC voltage, controllable power factor and bidirectional power flow capability, and fixed switching frequency, without using any current sensor. Then, a second dead-band scheme is derived from the previous basic form to achieve the same function and to reduce switching loss and thermal stress. Similarly, a four-switch scheme is also derived to provide a new operation mode to enhance the reliability of the converter. Modified control laws of the above family are also considered to handle the effect of unbalanced input voltage. It is very interesting to see that a unified theory can be used to give the above family of duty cycle control laws under both balanced and unbalanced input voltage. Some simulation and experimental results are presented for verification
2. E. Dallago, G. Sasone, M. Storti, G. Venchi, "Experimental analysis and comparison on a power factor controller including a delta-sigma processing stage," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 544-551, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Monolithic ICs allow simple and cheap single-phase power factor correction (PFC) systems to be implemented. They contain an analog multiplier, the transfer characteristic of which may be nonlinear. In this paper, the delta-sigma (ΔΣ) modulation technique is applied to fully implement the algebraic operations of a PFC system's multiplier block. A ΔΣ multiplier prototype was breadboarded and inserted in a PFC control loop based on a commercial IC. The experimental results regarding the AC line current distortion are reported and compared with those obtained from the built-in analog multiplier of the IC. The benefits on the total harmonic distortion (THD) on the AC side are highlighted
3. Gun-Woo Moon, Chung-Wook Roh, Jun-Young Lee, Myung-Joon Choo, "Magnetic-coupled high power factor converter with low line current harmonic distortions for power factor correction and fast output response," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 552-558, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A new magnetic-coupled high power factor converter (MCHPFC) with a single switch/single stage is proposed. The proposed converter gives good power factor correction, low current harmonic distortions, and tight output voltage regulation. The prototype shows that the IEC555-2 requirements are met satisfactorily with nearly unity power factor. A proposed MCHPFC is particularly suited for low-power-level power supply applications
4. S. Valiviita, S.J. Ovaska, "Delayless method to generate current reference for active filters ," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 559-567, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Active power filters are used to eliminate AC harmonic currents by injecting equal but opposite compensating currents. Successful control of active filters requires, among other things, an accurate current reference. In this paper, we introduce a multistage adaptive filtering system which generates the current reference delaylessly and accurately. Our filter structure combines a low-pass prefilter and an adaptive predictive filter, making it possible to extract the sinusoidal active current from the distorted waveform without harmful phase shift, even when the frequency and amplitude alter simultaneously. Although active filters are typically used to compensate for the supply harmonics, where the fundamental frequency remains almost constant, we will show that our filter structure can also be applied in applications where the frequency alters rapidly
5. J. Leyva-Ramos, J.A. Morales-Saldana, "A design criteria for the current gain in current-programmed regulators," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 568-573, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The design of the inner loop for current-programmed regulators is discussed in this paper. The effect that current gain has on the quality factor Q of the LC filter is shown. A methodology is derived to reduce this value that, in most cases, can be very high. A high quality factor can produce drastic changes with undesirable effects on regulator stability. A low quality factor will produce two real poles with a consequent reduction in the current response. After the proper selection of the current gain is done, the design procedure for the proportional integral controller of the outer loop can be continued. The design-oriented analysis is applicable to the three basic switch-mode pulsewidth modulation converters, i.e. buck, boost and buck-boost. At the end, the procedure is applied to a 280 W boost regulator that shows the simplicity of this approach
6. S. Senini, P.J. Wolfs, "The coupled inductor filter: analysis and design for AC systems," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 574-578, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Coupled inductors have been used in specific DC-to-DC converters to provide ripple-current steering. Switching ripple currents may be preferentially directed away from a source or a load. This paper shows that general purpose filters can be produced using coupled inductors and capacitors. These are equally applicable to AC and DC applications. A transfer function is developed for a filter based on a coupled inductor and capacitor. The resulting filter is third order and is significantly more effective than an inductor. The sensitivity of the filter to errors in the turns ratio is examined. Finally, results from an experimental power factor correction circuit are presented
7. Kuen-Der Wu, Hurng-Liahng Jou, "A new peak detection method for the three-phase sinusoidal signals ," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 579-584, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : An instantaneous amplitude detection method for the three-phase sinusoidal signals is proposed. The proposed method can measure the amplitude of the three-phase signals without any delay by using only two of the three-phase signals. The performance of this method under the ideal and nonideal conditions is analyzed. To demonstrate the performance of the proposed method, an electronic circuit for implementing this method is developed and tested
8. J.A. Ferreira, J.A. Roux, "A series resonant converter for arc-striking applications," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 585-592, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Initiation of a plasma conduction state requires a relatively large voltage to ionize the gas. A new version of the series resonant converter is proposed that uses the magnetizing inductance of the transformer for resonance. This converter is not suitable for most power supply applications, but the unique load characteristics associated with plasma loads make this type of converter well suited for arc striking, while allowing safe operation during the plasma state. A feature of the resonant converter is that the controller need not be complex, thus making it suitable for application in competitive industrial systems. Possible transformer configurations are investigated, which include an air core and a number of ferrite cored transformers. The series resonant converter with the best-suited transformer is verified experimentally in a tungsten inert gas welding application
9. Ching-Jung Tseng, Chern-Lin Chen, "A passive lossless snubber cell for nonisolated PWM DC/DC converters," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 593-601, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A passive lossless snubber cell is proposed to improve the turn-on and turnoff transients of the MOSFETs in nonisolated pulsewidth modulated (PWM) DC/DC converters. Switching losses and EMI noise are reduced by restricting di/dt of the reverse-recovery current and dv/dt of the drain-source voltage. The MOSFET operates at zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) turnoff and near zero-current-switching (ZCS) turn-on. The freewheeling diode is also commutated under ZVS. As an example, operation principles, theoretical analysis, relevant equations, and experimental results of a boost converter equipped with the proposed snubber cell are presented in detail. Efficiency of 96% has also been measured in the experimental results reported for a 1 kW 100 kHz prototype in the laboratory, Six basic nonisolated PWM DC/DC converters (buck, boost, buck-boost, Cuk, Sepic, and Zeta) equipped with the proposed general snubber cells are also shown in this paper
10. Zaohong Yang, P.C. Sen, "A novel switch-mode DC-to-AC inverter with nonlinear robust control ," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 602-608, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A switch-mode DC-to-AC inverter based on a DC-to-DC converter topology using a novel nonlinear robust control to generate a sinusoidal output waveform is presented. The control scheme is based on simultaneous feedback of the output voltage and feedforward of the input voltage and inductor voltage. As a result, the output voltage remains dynamically unchanged when there are large disturbances in input voltage or load current. The nature of the control law is explained. Computer simulation results show the robustness and fast dynamical response of the control system. The experimental results are presented to verify the analysis and demonstrate the feasibility of the control strategy
11. Yie-Tone Chen, Fu-Yuan Shih, "New multi-output switching converters with MOSFET-rectifier post regulators," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 609-616, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A new multi-output switching power converter is proposed. The new power converter can reduce conduction losses and achieve tight regulation. The small-signal model of the new power converter has also been developed and experimentally verified. Based on the proposed scheme and the analysis of the small-signal model, high-performance and high-efficiency multi-output switching power converters can be achieved
12. Jinhwan Jung, Kwanghee Nam, "A vector control scheme for EV induction motors with a series iron loss model," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 617-624, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Electric vehicle (EV) motors are characterized by their low inductance and high current density, so that they run at high speed and produce a high starting torque. Due to the low inductance coil design, the current ripple caused by pulsewidth modulation (PWM) switching makes a significant amount of eddy-current loss and hysteresis loss, especially in high-speed operation. If one simply neglects the iron loss, the overall vector controller is detuned, resulting in an error in the torque control. The iron loss is modeled, in general, by a parallel resistor RM to the magnetizing inductor LM. The authors propose a series R-L model that accounts for the effects of the iron loss. A major advantage of the series model is that it does not increase the number of state variables in developing a vector control. In this paper, they derive a rotor-flux-oriented flux error, orientation angle error, and torque error caused by iron loss. Finally, they demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control method through computer simulation and experimental results
13. Hyeoun-Dong Lee, Seung-Ki Sul, "Fuzzy-logic-based torque control strategy for parallel-type hybrid electric vehicle," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 625-632, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In a parallel-type hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), torque assisting and battery recharging control using the electric machine is the key point for efficient driving. In this paper, by adopting the decision-making property of fuzzy logic, the driving map for an HEV is made according to driving conditions. In this fuzzy logic controller, the induction machine torque command is generated from the acceleration pedal stroke and its rotational speed. To construct a proper rule base of fuzzy logic, the dynamo test and road tests for a hybrid powertrain are carried out, where the torque and the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission characteristic of the diesel engine and the driver's driving patterns are acquired, respectively. An HEV, a city bus for shuttle service, with the proposed fuzzy-logic-based driving strategy was built and tested at a real service route. It reveals that the improved NOx emission and better charge balance without an extra battery charger over the conventional deterministic-table-based strategy
14. A. Bartoszewicz, "Discrete-time quasi-sliding-mode control strategies," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 633-637, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, discrete-time quasi-sliding-mode control systems are considered. A new definition describing the quasi-sliding mode as a motion of the system, such that its state always remains in a certain band around the sliding hyperplane, is introduced. Then, two novel reaching laws satisfying conditions of the definition are proposed and applied to the design of appropriate linear control strategies which drive the state of the controlled system to a band around the sliding hyperplane. Consequently, the undesirable chattering and high-frequency switching between different values of the control signal are avoided. The strategies, when compared with previously published results, guarantee better robustness, faster error convergence, and improved steady-state accuracy of the system. Furthermore, better performance of the system is achieved using essentially reduced control effort
15. Moon-Noh Lee, Jung-Ho Moon, Kyoung Bog Jin, Myung Jin Chung, "Robust H∞ control with multiple constraints for the track-following system of an optical disk drive," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 638-645, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, the authors design a tracking controller which satisfies transient response specifications and maintains tracking error within a tolerable limit for the uncertain track-following system of an optical disk drive. To this end, a robust H∞ control problem, with regional stability constraints and sinusoidal disturbance rejection is considered. The internal model principle is used for rejecting the sinusoidal disturbance caused by eccentric rotation of the disk. The authors show that a condition satisfying the regional stability constraints can be expressed in terms of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) using the Lyapunov theory and S-procedure. Finally, a tracking controller is obtained by solving an LMI optimization problem involving two LMIs. The proposed controller design method is evaluated through an experiment
16. Shih-Tin Lin, Ang-Kiong Huang, "Hierarchical fuzzy force control for industrial robots," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 646-653, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, we present a hierarchical force control framework consisting of a high-level control system based on fuzzy logic and the existing motion control system of a manipulator in the low level. In order to adapt various contact conditions, an adaptable fuzzy force control scheme has been proposed to improve the performance. The ability of the adaptable force control system is achieved by tuning the scaling factor of the fuzzy logic controller (FLC). A Mitsubishi MELFA RV-M1 industrial robot equipped with a BL Force/Torque sensor is utilized for implementing the hierarchical fuzzy force control system. Successful experiments for various contact motions are carried out. Additionally, discussion of a peg-in-hole insertion is presented, and the experimental results are given
17. R. Gutierrez-Osuna, J.A. Janet, R.C. Luo, "Modeling of ultrasonic range sensors for localization of autonomous mobile robots," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 654-662, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper presents a probabilistic model of ultrasonic range sensors using backpropagation neural networks trained on experimental data. The sensor model provides the probability of detecting mapped obstacles in the environment, given their position and orientation relative to the transducer. The detection probability can be used to compute the location of an autonomous vehicle from those obstacles that are more likely to be detected. The neural network model is more accurate than other existing approaches, since it captures the typical multilobal detection pattern of ultrasonic transducers. Since the network size is kept small, implementation of the model on a mobile robot can be efficient for real-time navigation. An example that demonstrates how the credence could be incorporated into the extended Kalman filter (EKF) and the numerical values of the final neural network weights are provided in the appendices
18. T.W.S. Chow, Hong-Zhou Tan, "Semiblind identification of nonminimum-phase ARMA models via order recursion with higher order cumulants," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 663-671, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper develops a novel identification methodology for nonminimum-phase autoregressive moving average (ARMA) models of which the models' orders are not given. It is based on the third-order statistics of the given noisy output observations and assumed input random sequences. The semiblind identification approach is thereby named. By the order-recursive technique, the model orders and parameters can be determined simultaneously by minimizing well-defined cost functions. At each updated order, the AR and MA parameters are estimated without computing the residual time series (RTS), with the result of decreasing the computational complexity and memory consumption. Effects of the AR estimation error on the MA parameters estimation are also reduced. Theoretical statements and simulations results, together with practical application to the train vibration signals' modeling, illustrate that the method provides accurate estimates of unknown linear models, despite the output measurements being corrupted by arbitrary Gaussian noises of unknown pdf
19. K.S. Low, "A digital control technique for a single-phase PWM inverter," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 672-674, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper describes the closed-loop control of a single-phase pulsewidth modulated (PWM) inverter using the generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm. This approach determines the desired switching signals by minimizing a cost function that reduces the tracking error and the control signals. Experimental results have demonstrated that the prototype system performs well
20. Ching-Jung Tseng, Chern-Lin Chen, "On the ZVT-PWM Cuk converter," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 674-677, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A modified zero voltage transition pulsewidth modulation (ZVT-PWM) Cuk converter is proposed in this letter. Better robustness, smaller minimum duty ratio, and lower turn-on loss are obtained in this converter. No additional component is needed compared with the conventional ZVT-PWM Cuk converter
21. Song-Yi Lin, Chern-Lin Chen, "On the leading leg transition of phase-shifted ZVS-FB converters ," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 677-679, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The primary current drop during the leading leg transition of phase-shifted zero-voltage-switching full-bridge (ZVS-FB) power converters is investigated. It is shown that this phenomenon is affected by the junction capacitance of rectifier diodes and transformer winding capacitance
22. H. Chung, S.Y.R. Hui, W.H. Wang, "An isolated ZVS/ZCS flyback converter using the leakage inductance of the coupled inductor," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 679-682, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper describes a simple and effective way to modify an existing hard-switched flyback power converter into a circuit with zero-voltage switching (ZVS) and zero-current switching (ZCS). The key improvement is to turn the unattractive features of the coupled inductor leakage inductance and snubber capacitor into attractive ones. The coupled inductor leakage inductance and snubber are used to form a quasi-resonant circuit to facilitate ZVS/ZCS of all power devices. The operating principles of the power converter and experimental results are presented
23. Doo-Hee Jung, In-Joong Ha, "An efficient method for identifying the initial position of a PMSM with an incremental encoder," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 4, pp. 682-685, Aug. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This letter describes an efficient method for identifying the initial position of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with an incremental encoder, even when a brake and/or a constant load torque is being applied. The authors' method is more efficient in the respects of accuracy and reliability than the conventional method using commutation signals
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
