1. M.P. Kazmierkowski, L. Malesani, "Current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source PWM converters: a survey," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 691-703, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The aim of this paper is to present a review of current control techniques for three-phase voltage-source pulsewidth modulated converters. Various techniques, different in concept, have been described in two main groups: linear and nonlinear. The first includes proportional integral (stationary and synchronous) and state feedback controllers, and predictive techniques with constant switching frequency. The second comprises bang-bang (hysteresis, delta modulation) controllers and predictive controllers with on-line optimization. New trends in current control-neural networks and fuzzy-logic-based controllers-are discussed, as well. Selected oscillograms accompany the presentation in order to illustrate properties of the described controller groups
2. C.B. Jacobina, A.M.N. Lima, E.R.C. da Silva, A.M. Trzynadlowski, "Current control for induction motor drives using random PWM," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 704-712, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Current control in voltage-source inverters with random pulsewidth modulation (RPWM) is investigated. The random modulation is introduced to alleviate the undesirable acoustic, vibration, and EMI effects in inverter-fed AC drive systems. A novel RPWM digital technique with dithering of the switching frequency and compensation of the processing time is described. Design of the current control loop is discussed. Results of investigation of an experimental drive system are presented, proving the feasibility of the proposed solutions
3. L. Springob, J. Holtz, "High-bandwidth current control for torque-ripple compensation in PM synchronous machines," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 713-721, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Active compensation of torque harmonics in high-performance synchronous permanent magnet (PM) motor drives requires high-bandwidth current control. It is demonstrated that proportional integral (PI) current control exhibits performance limits, even when feedforward compensation of the rotor induced voltage and the stator inductance drop is used. High bandwidth requirements are satisfied using a digital deadbeat current controller. Sampling time delays are eliminated to the extent possible by means of a current predictor. The current controller and the predictor refer to a model of the parasitic effects of the PM synchronous machine that is acquired and adapted to parameter changes in real time. Stator current distortions due to deviations from the sinusoidal flux linkage distribution are thus eliminated. The control system facilitates compensation of high-frequency torque ripple of the machine
4. S. Buso, L. Malesani, P. Mattavelli, "Comparison of current control techniques for active filter applications," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 722-729, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper presents the comparative evaluation of the performance of three state-of-the-art current control techniques for active filters. The linear rotating frame current controller, the fixed-frequency hysteresis controller, and the digital deadbeat controller are considered. The main control innovations, determined by industrial applications, are presented, suitable criteria for the comparison are identified, and the differences in the performance of the three controllers in a typical parallel active filter setup are investigated by simulations
5. Yi-Hwa Liu, Chern-Lin Chen, Rong-Jie Tu, "A novel space-vector current regulation scheme for a field-oriented-controlled induction motor drive," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 730-737, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The system performance of an AC variable-speed drive directly depends on the current regulation. In this paper, a novel space-vector current regulation scheme for a field-oriented controller (FOC) is developed. Motor currents are regulated by generating appropriate inverter output voltage vectors via software-implemented comparators and a switching table. A switching table based on the angular coordinate enables the inverter to generate optimal voltage vectors. By introducing an additional triangular carrier signal to the output of original hysteresis comparators, a user-selectable high and fixed switching frequency can be obtained, further improving the driver performance. Experiments are made to verify the effectiveness and correctness of this proposed method. According to the experimental results, both simple hardware design and good current response can be attained
6. Jong-Woo Choi, Seung-Ki Sul, "Generalized solution of minimum time current control in three-phase balanced systems," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 738-744, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, a new current controller that guarantees the fastest transient response is proposed. The basic concept is to find the optimal control voltage for tracking the reference current with minimum time under the voltage limit constraint. The generalized solution of the minimum time current control in the systems is presented in this paper. With the generalized solution, the minimum time current controller can be easily applied to all three-phase balanced systems. Through simulation and experiment on an induction motor drive, it is observed that the proposed controller has much less transient time than the conventional synchronous proportional integral regulator
7. A.M. Khambadkone, J. Holtz, "Fast current control for low harmonic distortion at low switching frequency," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 745-751, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The structure of the current control loop of an induction machine drive determines decisively the dynamic performance of the overall system. Fast current control is a prerequisite for dynamic decoupling between the torque and the flux commands. Standard solutions are well established for drives in the low- and medium-power ranges. The low switching frequency of high-power pulsewidth modulation inverters calls for a tradeoff in controller design between the low harmonic losses and torque ripple in the steady state on one hand, and fast dynamic response during the transients on the other. The problem is developed in detail. A variable-structure approach is proposed as the solution
8. Bong-Hwan Kwon, Byung-Duk Min, Jang-Hyoun Youm, "An improved space-vector-based hysteresis current controller," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 752-760, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, an improved space-vector-based hysteresis current controller (SVBHCC) is proposed. The controller determines a set of space vectors from a region detector and applies a space voltage vector selected according to the main HCC. A set of space vectors including the zero voltage vector to reduce the number of switchings is determined from the information of the current errors, which are wider than those of the main HCC. A simple hardware implementation is proposed and the good experimental results of the SVBHCC for a squirrel cage motor are also shown
9. P. Verdelho, G.D. Marques, "Four-wire current-regulated PWM voltage converter," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 761-770, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : Shunt active power filters are connected in parallel with the electricity supply network. If the AC mains has a neutral conductor, it is desirable to compensate the mains harmonic currents zero-sequence components. This can be achieved with a four-wire pulsewidth modulation voltage converter connected to the AC mains. In this case, the three-phase and the neutral AC currents must be controlled. A generalization of the space-vector-based current controller in the αβo coordinate system is presented in this paper. With this current controller, all the current harmonic systems of positive, negative, and zero sequence can be injected by the converter and, thus, compensated on the AC mains. The system is also useful to compensate unbalanced currents of fundamental frequency. A useful benefit of this system is that it is possible to control the converter four-wire currents with equal hysteresis errors. Simulation and experimental results are presented
10. A. Tilli, A. Tonielli, "Sequential design of hysteresis current controller for three-phase inverter," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 771-781, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : In this paper, a novel multivariable hysteresis current controller for three-phase inverters is presented. Hysteresis controllers are intrinsically robust to system parameters, exhibit very high dynamics, and are suitable for simple implementation. The main drawback of the hysteresis controller is a limited control on transistors' switching frequency. Very high switching frequency may result if three independent controllers are used. Multivariable solutions were proposed in the literature to solve the problem. In this paper, it is shown how the use of a sequential design for the multivariable controller can further contribute to transistors' switching frequency reduction, with no significant increase in the hardware implementation complexity. The proposed controller is illustrated and compared with other hysteresis controllers presented in the literature. It ensures a significant reduction of transistors' switching frequency with respect to the other tested controllers, under the same operating conditions. A prototype controller is also presented. The effects of noise captured by current sensors (especially Hall-effect type) on the performance of industrial hysteresis controllers are discussed. It is shown how the sequential design of the controller can also help in solving this critical problem. Experimental results are reported to confirm the quality of the proposed controller. The system stability condition is derived in an appendix
11. Ying-Yu Tzou, Shiu-Yung Lin, "Fuzzy-tuning current-vector control of a three-phase PWM inverter for high-performance AC drives," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 782-791, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper proposes a new discrete fuzzy-tuning current-vector control (FTC) scheme for three-phase pulsewidth modulation (PWM) inverters. The proposed current control scheme can achieve fast transient responses and, at the same time, have very low total harmonic distortion in output current during steady-state operation. The proposed FTC scheme generates quasi-optimum PWM patterns by using a closed-loop control technique with instantaneous current feedback. The proposed FTC scheme has been realized using a single-chip digital signal processor (TMS320C14) from Texas Instruments. Experimental results are given to verify the proposed fuzzy-tuning current control strategy for three-phase PWM inverters
12. A. Sikorski, T. Citko, "Current controller reduced switching frequency for VS-PWM inverter used with AC motor drive applications," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 792-801, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The current control system of the three-phase voltage source inverter used in AC motor drive application is presented in the paper. This system, operating in the rotating reference frame fixed to the motor flux, minimizes the switching frequency inverter transistors. The optimal inverter output voltage vector positions, recorded in an electrically programmable read-only memory, ensure the longest path of moving the stator current vector inside the tolerance band which is square shaped. Theoretical bases for the choice of optimal inverter output voltage vector positions are discussed
13. J.F.A. Martins, A.J. Pires, J.F. Silva, "A novel and simple current controller for three-phase PWM power inverters," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 802-804, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A new feedback current controller for three-phase pulsewidth modulation (PWM) power inverters is presented. To achieve robustness, fast dynamical response, reduced switching frequency, and simple hardware implementation, an improved three-level hysteresis sliding-mode controller is used. All voltage vectors are accurately selected in order to minimize the current error
14. R. Watson, F.C. Lee, "Analysis, design, and experimental results of a 1-kW ZVS-FB-PWM converter employing magamp secondary-side control," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 806-814, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : The design and breadboard implementation of a constant-frequency, zero-voltage-switched, full-bridge pulsewidth modulation converter delivering a 12-V-at-1-kW output from a 350-450-VDC input bus is described. The zero-voltage switching characteristic is maintained over a wide operating range by utilizing the transformer magnetizing inductance as an energy storage element. Output voltage regulation is accomplished entirely on the secondary side through magamp control, thus simplifying the methods used for maintaining control and isolation
15. Y.G. Dessouky, B.W. Williams, J.E. Fletcher, "A novel power converter with voltage-boosting capacitors for a four-phase SRM drive," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 815-823, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : This paper presents a method of enhancing the performance of a four-phase switched reluctance motor by using capacitors to produce additional supply voltage during the rise and fall periods of motor phase current. The voltage rating of the inverter components increases and extra capacitor/diode combinations are needed. The operation and analysis of a series voltage boost circuit are detailed for different modes of operation with a study of the effect of the boost capacitor voltage on the current waveform. Different voltage boost circuit configurations are compared. The predicted and measured results show that the boost circuit increases both torque and output power and improves the efficiency of the machine, especially at high speeds
16. L. Zhen, L. Xu, "Sensorless field orientation control of induction machines based on a mutual MRAS scheme," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 824-831, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A mutual model reference adaptive system (MRAS) is proposed to implement a position sensorless field-orientation control (FOC) of an induction machine. The reference model and adjustable model used in the mutual MRAS scheme are interchangeable. Therefore, it can be used to identify both rotor speed and the stator resistance of an induction machine. For the rotor speed estimation, one model is used as a reference model and another is the adjustable model. Pure integration and stator leakage inductance are removed from the reference model, resulting in robust performance in low and high speed ranges. For the stator resistance identification, the two models switch their roles. To further improve estimation accuracy of the rotor speed and stator resistance, a simple on-line rotor time constant identification is included. Computer simulations and experimental results are given to show its effectiveness
17. Jong-Hyun Kim, Byung-Duk Min, Bong-Hwan Kwon, Sang-Chul Won, "A PWM buck-boost AC chopper solving the commutation problem," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 832-835, Oct. 1998. Full Text Link Abstract : A novel pulsewidth modulation buck-boost AC chopper using regenerative DC snubbers is proposed and analyzed. Compared to the previous buck-boost AC choppers, AC snubbers causing power loss are eliminated using regenerative DC snubbers. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme gives good steady-state performance of the AC chopper, which coincides with the theoretical results
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