IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics
Power Electronics
1. S. Buso, G. Spiazzi, "A line-frequency-commutated rectifier complying with IEC 1000-3-2 standard," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 501-510, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : Consumer and household appliances require low-cost AC/DC power supplies complying with EMC standards. The commonly employed passive solutions are bulky and do not provide output voltage stabilization. Active solutions, based on power-factor correctors with high-frequency switching, provide compactness and regulation capability, but are generally expensive due to the need for fast-recovery diodes and complex EMI filters. This paper presents a high-power-factor rectifier, based on a modified conventional rectifier with passive L-C filter, which improves both the harmonic content of the input current and the power factor by means of a low-frequency-commutated switch and a small line-frequency transformer, and allows compliance with IEC 1000-3-2 standard with reduced overall inductive components' volume
2. S.R. Shaw, C.R. Laughman, S.B. Leeb, R.F. Lepard, "A power quality prediction system," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 511-517, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper describes two hardware prototypes and estimation schemes for determining the parameters of a simple, physically based, point-of-use electric utility model using transient measurements. Parameters of the utility model are estimated using data collected by the prototypes. Frequency-dependent effects observed in previous work in this area are modeled. Performance of the techniques given is demonstrated by comparison of measured and predicted line voltage distortion during current transients created by several loads
3. H. Benqassmi, J.-C. Crebier, J.-P. Ferrieux, "Comparison between current-driven resonant converters used for single-stage isolated power-factor correction," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 518-524, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : The aim of this paper is to analyze the power factor correction capability of isolated current-source resonant converter topologies with two energy storage elements, which takes advantage of the leakage inductance of the HF transformer. These converter topologies are studied and modeled. Computer simulation results are also given. Thanks to its interesting characteristics, a converter topology is chosen and a converter prototype is built in order to validate theoretical study. Using this converter topology, a very good power factor is achieved
4. H.D. Laird, S.D. Round, R.M. Duke, "A frequency-domain analytical model of an uncontrolled single-phase voltage-source rectifier," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 525-532, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : The harmonic currents generated by the single-phase rectifier are well known. As the levels of these currents become larger, the use of power conditioners, such as shunt active filters, to lower the levels is becoming more attractive. In order to analyze the interaction between the condition, AC system and rectifier, it is necessary to have an accurate model of the rectifier. This paper describes a frequency-domain analytical model of the single-phase rectifier. The model includes the dominant frequency transfer mechanisms. These are the direct transfer and that due to the modulation of the switching instants. A small-signal linearized analysis is presented and the behavior predicted is confirmed by perturbation analysis using time-domain simulation. Accurate results are obtained, and the importance of including the switching instant modulation is shown
5. Z. Wang, Y. Liu, "Modeling and simulation of a cycloconverter drive system for harmonic studies," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 533-541, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper discusses the steady-state harmonic modeling and simulation of a cycloconverter drive system (CDS). The operation and control of a cycloconverter drive and a synchronous motor load were modeled in the time domain. Based on the duality principle of electric and magnetic circuits, four types of three-phase transformer models with detailed nonlinear magnetizing characteristics were implemented. The harmonic behaviors of the entire system were studied under several worst operation conditions. The goal of this paper is to understand the harmonic problems associated with a CDS from an integrated system point of view, with special attention given to harmonic filtering and cancellation effect of converter coupling transformers
6. K. Chatterjee, B.G. Fernandes, G.K. Dubey, "A novel high-power low-distortion synchronous link converter-based load compensator without the requirement of VAr calculator," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 542-548, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : A high-power low-distortion static VAr compensator based on a synchronous link converter has been proposed, where the harmonics are eliminated by incorporating a low-power insulated-gate-bipolar-transistor-based controlled current auxiliary converter in conjunction with a high-power gate-turn-off-thyristor-based converter. In this paper, a new load compensator based on this topology is proposed which does not require the information of the voltampere required by the load. As the requirement of the reactive voltampere calculator is eliminated, the scheme becomes insensitive to system frequency variations, temperature, and component aging. The control scheme required for the compensator is developed. The operation of the scheme is validated through extensive simulation studies. Experimental results obtained from a laboratory prototype are provided to demonstrate the viability of the scheme
7. A.C.S. De Lima, H.W. Dommel, R.M. Stephan, "Modeling adjustable-speed drives with long feeders," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 549-556, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper presents the modeling of different topologies of electric drive systems when the cable that connects the converter to the motor has a significant length. The long feeder together with converter harmonics decrease the performance of the motor. To correctly assess the voltage and the current throughout the drive system, frequency-dependent models for the cable and the motor should be used. A frequency-dependent cable model is necessary for an accurate voltage evaluation while a frequency-dependent motor model responds for accuracy in the current. The models were validated through experimental results carried out on an actual oil platform and from a prototype system. The latter system was used to test the system's performance when very long motor leads (longer than 5 km) are involved
8. Nambo Hur, Kwanghee Nam, Sangchul Won, "A two-degrees-of-freedom current control scheme for deadtime compensation," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 557-564, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : A current controller having an inverse dynamic model and a proportional-integral (PI) controller has been proposed with the aim of compensating the effects of deadtime. The proposed control scheme, having two degrees of freedom, can be used for compensating the effects of disturbance without degrading tracking performance. To be specific, the disturbance-rejection property is enhanced by increasing the gains of the PI controller, but the PI gain does not affect the transfer function between the current command and its output. By nature, it is robust to the parameter mismatch error between the model and the plant, since the mismatch error can be counted as another disturbance. With the experimental results, we have shown the superiority of the proposed method in suppressing the current distortion caused by deadtime
9. A.H. Anbuky, P.E. Pascoe, "VRLA battery state-of-charge estimation in telecommunication power systems," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 565-573, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper presents the logical analysis of valve-regulated lead-acid battery discharge behavior and suggests a model for obtaining estimates of the state of charge (SOC) and reserve time throughout discharge. The basis of the model is the relationship between the discharge voltage and SOC. This relationship is valid for a wide range of discharge rates and ambient temperatures as related to the telecommunications backup power supply application. Due to the robust nature of this relationship, only a single discharge characteristic under nominal operating conditions is required by the model. Case studies reveal that the model enables accuracy in estimation of SOC of better than 10% of actual SOC after discharging 10% of the rated capacity. As the discharge proceeds, the error reduces substantially. A feature of the model is that it is easily adaptable to changes in battery characteristics which occur as a result of extreme stress
Drive Control
10. D. Munoz, D. Sbarbaro, "An adaptive sliding-mode controller for discrete nonlinear systems ," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 574-581, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper presents a sliding-mode controller for a class of nonlinear discrete-time systems. The proposed controller uses a modified switching function that produces a low-chattering control signal. In order to improve the controller performance, an adaptive term is added to the original sliding-mode algorithm. This new feature uses an artificial neural network for online identification of the modeling error. Simulations and experimental results illustrate the main characteristics and performance of this approach,
11. Z. Chen, M. Tomita, S. Doki, S. Okuma, "New adaptive sliding observers for position- and velocity-sensorless controls of brushless DC motors," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 582-591, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : A new adaptive sliding observer is proposed for position- and velocity-sensorless controls of a cylindrical brushless DC motor. Stability of the proposed observer is guaranteed easily, because it is based on a linear model of the motor. Sliding mode is applied for the current estimation. Under the sliding mode, the order of the observer's error equation is reduced. This makes the stability analysis easier, so that robust position and velocity estimations might be achieved by the pole assignment. Experimental results show that the proposed method is very effective
12. G.-W. Chang, G. Espinosa-Perez, E. Mendes, R. Ortega, "Tuning rules for the PI gains of field-oriented controllers of induction motors," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 592-602, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : The authors have previously shown that field-oriented controllers for induction motors preserve stability under a wide range of variations of the motor and controller parameters. However, as is well known, the transient performance critically depends on the tuning of the gains of the proportional-integral (PI) velocity loop, a task which is rendered difficult because of the high uncertainty on the rotor resistance. The problem we address in this paper is how to develop an offline procedure to choose these gains. The main contribution of our work is a very simple frequency-domain test that, for each setting of the PI gains, evaluates the maximum range of the relative rotor resistance estimate for which global stability is guaranteed. In this way, we provide a quantitative estimate of the performance of the PI controller. The stability result may also be used in a dual manner, fixing now the range of the rotor resistance, and estimating an admissible interval for the PI gains that preserves global stability. Instrumental for our study is the exploitation of an energy dissipation (strict passivity) property of the system
13. G. Zhang, "Speed control of two-inertia system by PI/PID control," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 603-609, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : The purpose of this paper is to develop systematic analysis and design methods for a two-inertia system. A conventional proportional-integral speed control system with a torsional load is redesigned, and the damping characteristic of the system is derived and analyzed. It is shown that the dynamic characteristic of the system strongly depends on the inertia ratio of load to motor. Three kinds of typical pole assignments with identical radius/damping coefficient/real part are applied and compared, and the merits of each pole-assignment design are concluded. Furthermore, for small inertia ratio, we present how to improve the damping of the system by a derivative feedback of motor speed
14. F. Betin, D. Pinchon, G.-A. Capolino, "Fuzzy logic applied to speed control of a stepping motor drive," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 610-622, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : Nowadays, thanks to the development of microprocessors, stepping motors are widely used in robotics and in the numerical control of machine tools where they have to perform high-precision positioning operations. Nevertheless, the variations of the mechanical configuration of the drive, which are common to these two applications, can lead to a loss of synchronism for high stepping rates. Moreover, the classical open-loop speed control is weak and a closed-loop control becomes necessary. In this paper, the fuzzy logic principle is applied to control the speed of a stepping motor drive with feedback. An advanced test bed is used in order to evaluate the tracking properties and the robustness capacities of the fuzzy logic controller when variations of the mechanical configuration occur. The experiment has been performed using a low-cost 16 bit microcontroller in order to verify the design performance
15. C.M. Bingham, D.A. Stone, N. Schofield, D. Howe, D. Peel, "Amplitude and frequency control of a vibratory pile driver," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 623-631, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper describes the digital control of a vibratory pile driver in which the vibration is generated via two tandem pairs of electrically driven, geared, contra-rotating eccentrics. Experimental results are included to show the controller-induced system dynamics for a variety of load conditions, and to highlight the fact that, if the relative phase of the eccentric pairs is not controlled, the natural tendency at high excitation frequency is for the pile driver to operate with a low vibration amplitude. An analytical technique for identifying the system parameters is presented, and analytical performance predictions are compared with experimental results. Analysis of the power flow in the system shows that, although significant power transfer occurs between the two electrical drives, the net power dissipation during pile driving is relatively low
16. O. Ojo, O. Omozusi, A.A. Jimoh, "The operation of an inverter-assisted single-phase induction generator," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 632-640, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : The enhancement of the operability range of a stand-alone single-phase induction generator scheme with an inverter-battery system connected to the auxiliary winding is the theme of this paper. The reactive power requirement of the load connected to the main winding is met by the inverter system operating with either of two proposed pulsewidth modulation techniques, in the process of which the load voltage and frequency are regulated. The proposed schemes have potential application as power sources for autonomous systems and for utility interface to single-phase power system grids. Simulation and calculation results of the generator system connected to an impedance and motor loads, confirmed with some experimental results, are also set forth to validate some of the conclusions of the paper
Robotics and Vision
17. K. Kiguchi, T. Fukuda, "Position/force control of robot manipulators for geometrically unknown objects using fuzzy neural networks," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 641-649, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : In order to carry out the tasks of grinding, deburring, polishing or wiping, the end-effector of the robot manipulator has to follow the contour of an object. In this paper, the authors propose a fuzzy vector method, which enables the controller to deal efficiently with force sensor signals which include noise and/or unknown vibrations caused by the working tool, to search the direction of the constraint surface of an unknown object
Signal Processing
18. G.G. Yen, K.-C. Lin, "Wavelet packet feature extraction for vibration monitoring," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 650-667, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : Condition monitoring of dynamic systems based on vibration signatures has generally relied upon Fourier-based analysis as a means of translating vibration signals in the time domain into the frequency domain. However, Fourier analysis provided a poor representation of signals well localized in time. In this case, it is difficult to detect and identify the signal pattern from the expansion coefficients because the information is diluted across the whole basis. The wavelet packet transform (WPT) is introduced as an alternative means of extracting time-frequency information from vibration signatures. The resulting WPT coefficients provide one with arbitrary time-frequency resolution of a signal. With the aid of statistical-based feature selection criteria, many of the feature components containing little discriminant information could be discarded, resulting in a feature subset having a reduced number of parameters without compromising the classification performance. The extracted reduced dimensional feature vector is then used as input to a neural network classifier. This significantly reduces the long training time that is often associated with the neural network classifier and improves its generalization capability
19. S.G. Tzafestas, E.J. Kyriannakis, "Regulation of GMA welding thermal characteristics via a hierarchical MIMO predictive control scheme assuring stability," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 668-678, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper deals with the regulation of the thermal characteristics of gas metal arc welding (GMAW). A complete treatment of the welding control problem requires the regulation of both the geometrical and thermal characteristics of the weld. Both classes of characteristics are of critical importance, but the thermal ones have received less attention in the majority of previous work. The present paper proposes a hierarchical predictive control scheme for the metallurgical characteristics of GMAW. A previously developed model for the regulation of the heat-affected zone, the cooling rate and the nugget cross-sectional area is used for the open-loop predictions. At the first level of the hierarchy, a parameterized generalized predictive control (GPC) algorithm is selected, among other control techniques, due to the inherited difficulty of the welding thermal process and the robustness of this algorithm against modeling errors and parameter variations. The main drawback of GPC is that it does not guarantee stability. The second level of the control hierarchy, where a coordinator specifies a set of reliable values for the parameters of GPC, so that stability is assured, and transmits them to the controller of the first level overcomes this difficulty. This paper provides a representative set of simulation results obtained by the present hierarchical GPC scheme, including a comparison with the classical linear-quadratic optimal control scheme. These results show the superiority of the GPC scheme
20. So-Young Jeong, Minho Lee, Soo-Young Lee, Jin-Man Cho, Cheol Hoon Park, "Improving lookup table control of a hot coil strip process with online retrainable RBF network," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 679-686, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper presents an online retrainable radial basis function (RBF) network to control the coiling temperature for a hot coil strip at the Pohang Iron and Steel Company, Pohang, Korea. The proposed RBF network is designed to replace the conventional rule-based lookup table, the output of which is a heat transmission coefficient in the temperature control system. In order to make the controller more adaptable to the changing environments in the steelmaking process, specific interconnection weights were additionally devised for the hidden-to-output weights of a conventional RBF network. These weights were locally adjustable to reduce the immediate temperature error of a coil strip, while the global information of the RBF network trained with offline past data was largely unaltered. As a result, the proposed RBF network substantially alleviated the effect of catastrophic interference-completely forgetting old information in the presence of new inputs. Moreover, a rejection network was incorporated within the proposed control scheme to ensure reliable operation in the actual process. Results applied to the real steelmaking process indicated an improvement of 2.2% in control performance compared to conventional methods
21. H.-Z. Tan, T.W.S. Chow, "Blind identification of quadratic nonlinear models using neural networks with higher order cumulants," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 687-696, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : A novel approach to blindly estimate kernels of any discrete- and finite-extent quadratic models in higher order cumulants domain based on artificial neural networks is proposed in this paper. The input signal is assumed an unobservable independently identically, distributed random sequence which is viable for engineering practice. Because of the properties of the third-order cumulant functions, identifiability of the nonlinear model holds, even when the model output measurement is corrupted by a Gaussian random disturbance. The proposed approach enables a nonlinear relationship between model kernels and model output cumulants to be established by means of neural networks. The approximation ability of the neural network with the weights-decoupled extended Kalman filter training algorithm is then used to estimate the model parameters. Theoretical statements and simulation examples together with practical application to the train vibration signals modeling corroborate that the developed methodology is capable of providing a very promising way to identify truncated Volterra models blindly
Emerging Technologies
22. X. Li, A. Djordjevich, P.K. Venuvinod, "Current-sensor-based feed cutting force intelligent estimation and tool wear condition monitoring," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 697-702, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : Tool wear condition monitoring has the potential to play a critical role in ensuring the dimensional accuracy of the workpiece and prevention of damage to cutting equipment. It could also help in automating cutting processes. In this paper, the feed cutting force estimated with the aid of an inexpensive current sensor installed on the AC servomotor of a computerized numerical control tuning center is used to monitor tool wear condition. To achieve this, the feed drive system is modeled, using neuro-fuzzy techniques, to provide the framework for estimating the feed cutting force based on the feed motor current measured. Functional dependence of the feed cutting force on tool wear and cutting parameters are then expressed in the form of a difference equation relating variation in the feed cutting force to tool wear rate. The computerized system automatically compares successive feed cutting force estimates and determines the onset of accelerated tool wear in order to issue a request for tool replacement. Experimental results show that the tool wear condition monitoring is effective and industrially applicable
23. Daijin Kim, "An implementation of fuzzy logic controller on the reconfigurable FPGA system," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 703-715, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : This paper concerns an implementation of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC) on a reconfigurable field-programmable gate array (FPGA) system. In the proposed implementation method, the FLC is partitioned into many temporally independent functional modules, and each module is implemented individually on the FLC automatic design and implementation system, which is an integrated development environment for performing many subtasks such as automatic VHSIC hardware description language description, FPGA synthesis, optimization, placement and routing, and downloading. Each implemented module forms a downloadable hardware object that is ready to configure the FPGA chip. Then, the FPGA chip is consequently reconfigured with one module at a time by using the run-time reconfiguration method. This implementation method is effective when a single FPGA chip cannot fit the FLC due to the limited size of its constituent cells. We test the proposed implementation method by building the FLC for the truck backer-upper control on VCC Corporation's EVC-1 reconfigurable FPGA board directly
Letters to the Editor
24. Jang-Hyoun Youm, Hyun-Lark Do, Bong-Hwan Kwon, "A single-stage electronic ballast with high power factor," Trans. on Industrial Electronics, vol. 47, no. 3, pp. 716-718, Jun. 2000. Full Text Link
Abstract : A single stage electronic ballast with high power factor (HPF) is proposed in this letter. The single-phase boost-type rectifier provides HPF. A saturable transformer constituting the self-oscillating drive limits the lamp current and dominates the switching frequency of the ballast. Experimental results obtained on a 40 W fluorescent lamp are discussed